{"id":437,"date":"2019-09-14T15:46:18","date_gmt":"2019-09-14T14:46:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/?p=437"},"modified":"2019-09-14T15:46:18","modified_gmt":"2019-09-14T14:46:18","slug":"wakefield-4-experiment-causal-picture-in-energy-current","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/2019\/09\/14\/wakefield-4-experiment-causal-picture-in-energy-current\/","title":{"rendered":"Wakefield 4 experiment &#8211; causal picture in energy current"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ivor Catt reminded yesterday about the Wakefield 4 experiment, the description can be found here:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivorcatt.co.uk\/wak4.pdf\">http:\/\/www.ivorcatt.co.uk\/wak4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>I have sketched the space-time cause-effect diagram for it:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/files\/2019\/09\/wakefield-waveforms.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-438\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/files\/2019\/09\/wakefield-waveforms-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/files\/2019\/09\/wakefield-waveforms-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/files\/2019\/09\/wakefield-waveforms-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/files\/2019\/09\/wakefield-waveforms-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/files\/2019\/09\/wakefield-waveforms-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/files\/2019\/09\/wakefield-waveforms.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It can be seen that in the point next to the switch after we short-circuit the cable to ground, although the normal state of potential is 0V, we have transfer of energy vi the reflection of steps with a coefficient (-1). Energy comes to this point from both sides independently. This means that as soon as say a falling step of -7V arrives from the side of point A, it gets reflected into a rising step +7V and hence the overall level of potential is unchanged.<\/p>\n<p>The mid-point B oscillates with the overall amplitude of 14V from +7V to -7V.<\/p>\n<p>If you look at the experimental traces from the above link\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ivorcatt.co.uk\/wak4.pdf\">http:\/\/www.ivorcatt.co.uk\/wak4.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>especially with the compressed time resolution, we have an interesting effect of sine-like wave oscillation at the level of steps (rather than conventional sine-wave as an envelope in condensed circuit-theoretic LC circuits) which takes place in the middle of the loop &#8211; point B, and this oscillation is totally &#8216;hidden&#8217; from the view at say point of the switch, which &#8216;thinks&#8217; that the cable is in static 0V state. This is a wonderful effect from the distributed-capacitor of the Tx line. The moving energy current is invisible to the outside world from the terminal point but it actually stays in the Tx line for a a fairly long time even with the unmitigated natural losses of the real-copper cable. The system has hidden memory to perform energy transfer!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ivor Catt reminded yesterday about the Wakefield 4 experiment, the description can be found here: http:\/\/www.ivorcatt.co.uk\/wak4.pdf I have sketched the space-time cause-effect diagram for it: &nbsp; It can be seen that in the point next to the switch after we &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/2019\/09\/14\/wakefield-4-experiment-causal-picture-in-energy-current\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4763,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,12,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-causality","category-electromagnetism","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/437","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4763"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=437"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/437\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":440,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/437\/revisions\/440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=437"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=437"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ncl.ac.uk\/alexyakovlev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=437"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}