Week Two – Zanzibar Dolphin & Shark Research Project 2013

“After a rather barren week one it appears the dolphins have had enough of our game of hide and seek (obviously we aren’t up to their standards at that game! Hiding behind the curtains, who’d have thought?!).”

So, our transects are finalised, our provisions are ready and it’s time to really begin.

We began our research proper on Sunday and managed to get 13 transects done between then and now (Wednesday), along with a supplies trip to Stone Town. Our transects take us from the western shores of Unguja Island to the very edge of the Menai Bay Conservation Area and so vary between 5-10 nautical miles, or 5¾ – 11½  kilometres for us younger ones, travelling at 7.5knots that can feel like a lot of staring at empty water when the animals aren’t playing ball! Luckily they have been good to us this week, with sightings every day since.

Our sighting on Sunday was an unexpected one as three dark shadows snuck in from behind the boat and popped up just five meters from the port side; they took me completely by surprise, spinners. We spend all day looking for Indo-Pacific bottlenose and humpback dolphins and the first species we see is one we thought we would be lucky to see even once during our 12 weeks here!  But just like they arrived the three of them ghosted away after only a few seconds, short but sweet, I won’t forget my first ever spinner dolphin sighting.

From then our days kept getting better. Monday graced us with two different sightings; a solitary bottlenose offshore near Pungume Island, and a single humpback dolphin within 100m of shore just north of Kizimkazi-Dimbani, another first for me.

Tuesday’s sightings capped off the week, though they also served as a reminder of one of the worse sides of dolphin tourism. Our first transect of the day encountered five tourist boats a little offshore moving at breakneck speeds, this was the only clue we needed to know what was coming next. In their midst two bottlenose dolphins – a mother and her calf. The boats surrounded the animals and dumped their payload of snorkel equipped tourists practically on their heads, when you can see the splashes of the tourists hitting the water from 200m imagine what that must look like hitting the water 5m in front of you. Sad, but unfortunately this is what can happen with largely unregulated dolphin tourism activities, the guidelines go ignored. Slightly further along this transect we also bumped into another pair of bottlenose, luckily they had escaped the tourist boats attentions this time and were cruising down to Usine, one of the major hotspots for these animals here in Menai Bay. Our last sighting of the week was definitely our best so far; we found a group of 8 animals resting over an offshore reef out in the middle of the bay, with them a calf and one small, ungainly and awkwardly surfacing animal. Don’t worry that’s a good thing; it was a YOY (Young Of the Year). Between the two of them it is a great sign that the population is breeding well.

Well that brings us to Wednesday and the end of our week, but most specifically Stone Town and the Dala Dala. I can safely say, and Will’s 6’4” frame will attest to this, it’s possibly the most uncomfortable form of transport ever!!! Think 20 people and their luggage packed into the back of a milk truck for an hour and a half, now take about a foot off the headroom, cosy doesn’t quite cover it! At least Stone Town was worth it, the hustle of the city, the market and a stunning roof-top view as the back drop for lunch, not too shoddy if you ask me. Oh, and we also got to visit Omar Amir, one of Per’s old PhD students, an old friend of Stina and someone who’s work I had spent some time digesting before this trip began, who now resides at the Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries.

Well that was week two in a nutshell, a good one for us and I hope it was a good one for all of you! See you next time.

Andrew Temple
Newcastle University
Zanzibar Dolphin and Shark Project 2013.

Sharky, one of the first dolphins ever identified out here some 15 years ago, actually seems to be following us! She’s been lurking in half of the bottlenose pods we have spotted.

Dolphins, sharks and ”pingers” – it’s all happening in Zanzibar

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Dolphins, sharks and ”pingers” – it’s all happening in Zanzibar

Fig.1. Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins in Menai Bay, Zanzibar

Greetings from a new research season on Zanzibar. Following on the success from last summer’s humpback whale project (see blogs at https://blogs.ncl.ac.uk/marinescience/category/zanzibarhumpbackwhaleproject and Face book http://www.facebook.com/pages/Zanzibar-Humpback-Whale-Project/128089323948221) we are now back in full swing with 3 new studies. This time we are focussing on dolphins and sharks. Dr Per Berggren is joined by MPhil students Will Joyce and Andrew Temple and post graduates Stina Nyström from Sweden and Yussuf Salmin from Zanzibar.

We had a slightly frustrating first 24 hours because none of our luggage arrived when we did. That meant almost all of our equipment and personal effects where stuck somewhere between Newcastle and Zanzibar. Luckily the luggage arrived the following day and we could start setting up equipment and enjoy a change of clothes.

We spent the first couple of days applying for research permits, food shopping and visiting colleagues at the Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam and moving in to our home for the next 3 months in Kizimkazi-Dimbani on the south coast of Zanzibar.

We will have a busy season ahead of us with 3 new studies. The first study focus on the distribution and ecology of dolphins in Menai Bay Conservation Area. This will be investigated using GIS analysis of line transect survey data that will be collected along a minimum of 100 transects covering the bay. We will record boat and fishing activities, bottom type and topography and dolphins to investigate factors affecting dolphin occurrence and behaviour.

Fig 2. Our trusted survey boat “Nyngumi” (Whale) with our two boat crew Khamis & Foum.

Fig. 3. Andrew and Stina on effort scanning for dolphins along the transect.

Fig. 4. The depth sounder recording, temperature depth, bottom topography & fish.

The second study focus on mitigation of dolphin bycatch in driftnets. This is a field experiment to test the efficacy of acoustic alarms (pingers) to reduce dolphin bycatch in the drift net fishery off the north coast where 24 boats are participating. 12 boats will be using pingers on their nets and 12 will be fishing without pingers as control.

The final study we are conducting this season is an investigation of shark occurrence and ecology based on landed sharks. We have engaged 3 local people to assist, Chupe will monitor shark landings in Nungwi, on the north coast of Zanzibar, Pandu will do the same here in Kizimkazi and Amour will monitor the fishmarket in Stone town. They will help and collect measurement data, take pictures for species identification and take small samples for genetic and stable isotope analysis.

It is really great to be back among friends and friendly faces on Zanzibar and we look forward to provide updates on our activities. With 29C in the water, +40C air temperature, fresh papaya, coconut and mangoes to keep us cool, it is a tough job but someone’s got to do it!

Fig. 5. The research team; Stina, Andrew, Khamis, Foum, Per, Yussuf & Will.

Greetings until next time.

Zanzibar Dolphin & Shark Research Project 2013