Resource-driven computing

One of the key points of the new “energy slant” on computing systems is that they will operate on the principle of delivery of computing activity depending on how much energy they receive. This is quite different from the traditional energy-awareness view, where the systems were provided with power inorder to perform their set of functions and in this process they will have to save energy, or be energy-efficient.

We are therfore talking about a new generation of systems that can ONLY operate IF they have energy resources, and their (computational) output, an agregate of quality-quantity is proportional to the energy invested in them. Sort of the epitomy of the “no pain no gain” principle.

The idea of resource-driven computing if taken carefully into the design of many systems that are driven by computers will also take us to the energy-modulated functioning of systems (or systems of systems) in general. For example, in many areas such as remote space exploration, under-water operation etc. the power supplies are very rigid and power systems do not meet the preinciples of proportional funcitioning or graceful degradation. There are many examples of failures of space craft or under water equipment due to the extreme conditions caused by quick pressure changes that affect the power systems (pressure – temperature – volateg levels dependencies). As a result a lot of vital computing equipment (“the brains” of these remotely operated) suddenly becomes non-functional. Had it been designed in a more energy-modulated way, it would be able to operate from much more local and partial sources of power, say power scavenged from alternative sources than the main solar batteries of the space craft. Alternatively, even with the availability of some level of voltage from the main battery, but under the voltage level drops, the hardware of the system, if designed in a more “power-elastic or power-adaptive” way, woudl be able to sustain those harsh environmental conditions.

Microelectronics system design methods such as asynchronous logic allows building systems that are more power-elastic and energy-proportional than the conventional synchronous systems. But the way how they can help in a particular case should be found with some care … Well, energy use needs care … and needs good accounting, like any economic policy which is driven by resources … not just by demands!

RCUK Delivery Plans 2011-15

The seven UK Research Councils were recently allocated their budgets for the 2011-2015 comprehensive spending review period by the department of Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS). In response to this, they have published their 2011-2015 Delivery Plans, outlining in broad terms how they will spend this budget.

With regards to EPSRC, the summary of the changes and the main document can be found here:
http://www.epsrc.ac.uk/newsevents/news/2010/Pages/deliveryplanfor20112015.aspx

Dream Fellowship

I have just been awarded an EPSRC ICT Dream Fellowship.

The main goals are to create ideas, generate interesting problems and projects in the area of Energy-aware Computing.

Here are some excerpts from my application:

This is both a unique opportunity and a challenge for me as I set my aims at identifying a coherent set of problems to work on after this Fellowship. Such challenges are sometimes associated with searching not only for solutions to what we don’t know, but also for the things we don’t know that we don’t know. My main area has for years been electronic systems engineering. By thinking and engaging creative processes in this area, it is first of all important to see where calls for creativity originate. Obviously, these calls come from real life, from the needs of society and industries where electronics is enabling technology. Focusing further, such calls can be found in the links and synergies between the pivotal areas of ICT, which increasingly share common values and criteria: quality of service, usability, cost-efficiency, performance, dependability, and how they interact with the provision of resources. Semiconductor technology permits formidable concentration of electronic devices and electrical power on small areas of a silicon die. At the same time, engineering processes, involving software and hardware, can no longer sustain this growth; they require the design and test processes to be much more resource-conscious. Green, energy-frugal, power-proportional are qualities of computer systems that people begin to use now. Numerous examples bring up the issue of resource and energy-awareness into computing and electronics. From the energy supply perspective, battery life, energy harvesting, power control and regulation are changing systems engineering practices. From the energy consumption viewpoint, the high end of the spectrum is occupied by mammoth data plants (e.g. Google plant in Oregon was estimated to require 103MWatt of power, enough to supply every home in Newcastle). In the middle, there are many-core chips, such as Intel’s 48-core SCC, consuming between 25-125W. The low end of the spectrum is systems that interface to biological organisms, where power constraints are at the level of microwatts. Over the years system design methodologies developed completely relying on feature scaling and availability of as many resources as needed in order to satisfy their performance appetites. However, architecting systems solely on the principles of hierarchy and object-orientation, without proper account of underlying resources often leads to inefficiency, likewise does the full decentralisation of control and distribution of resources on principles of local optima.

One of the important achievements of this fellowship could be obtaining an evolutionary roadmap for electronic system design which is “modulated” by the energy aspect. In working towards this goal, I will think about issues involving energy characterisation of components and devices of different functionality and nature, interplay between energy and dependability, power constraints and quality of service, an idea of “energetic effort” for design criteria, possible role of game-theoretic approaches in resource-driven computing and various modelling and meta-modelling techniques, as well as design automation issues.
The other two important achievements would be: knowledge-transfer routes for providing industry with new design paradigms, methodologies and tools for energy-frugal systems, as well as mechanisms for enthusing a new generation of your researchers about creativity.

more to follow ….

Introduction to Energetic Computing

Welcome to Energetic Computing!

This category in my blog is meant to create a forum where people could write about various ideas related to how to make computing and electronic systems energy efficient. But not only efficient, economic, frugal … but truly energy-driven, or what I now call energy-modulated. Basically, these are systems that convert energy, even in a very small amount, into a useful (ok, for whom? – this is another aspect to think about!) computation.

If you would like to contribute to this discussion, you are very welcome … For a start, you may read my technical report on this topic http://async.org.uk/tech-reports/NCL-EECE-MSD-TR-2010-167.pdf, which will also be a paper presented by me at the conference Design Automation and Test in Europe (DATE) on the 17th March 2011 in Grenoble – http://www.date-conference.com/conference/session-11-1

Happy Energising!
Alex